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用Squid缓存Google Earth/Map数据

其实我本不想写这个标题,我的本意是缓存yupoo api的查询数据,这个过程中找到了参考方法(Caching Google Earth with Squid)。呵呵,所以偶也来一回标题党。

这篇参考流传非常广,Digg上也被提过,我也不知道原出处是哪里了。

可是。。。。你按照它的指示设置,它并不能正确工作!!

话说回来,先说说我的需求。

最近yupoo的访问速度很慢,我有一堆api请求经常无法完成,猜测要么对方限制了同一ip的连接数,要么是yupoo又遇到了新一轮的流量瓶颈。跟Yupoo的zola联系后,确认是他们的负荷太高引起的,并没有限制连接数。所以我要想办法在我这边做一些缓存了。

因为我这边本身就是用squid代理来解决Ajax中调用API的跨域问题的,所以自然是目标瞄准了squid的配置文件。

yupoo api的请求地址是 www.yupoo.com/api/rest/?method=xx&xxxxxxx...

大家都知道squid会自动缓存静态文件,可对于这种动态网页怎么让它也缓存起来呢,所以在google上找啊找,找到上面提得那片缓存Google Earth的博客文章。
他的方法是:

acl QUERY urlpath_regex cgi-bin \? intranet
acl forcecache url_regex -i kh.google keyhole.com
no_cache allow forcecache
no_cache deny QUERY

# ----
refresh_pattern -i kh.google 1440 20% 10080 override-expire override-lastmod reload-into-ims ignore-reload

refresh_pattern -i keyhole.com 1440 20% 10080 override-expire override-lastmod reload-into-ims ignore-reload

原理就是用 no_cache allow 和 refresh_pattern 来设定一些缓存规则,将google earth的请求强行缓存起来。

此文一出,自然早有人去验证,可是没人成功,原作者也音讯全无 :( ... squid的邮件列表里也提到。 ( 看标题进来的朋友,不要急,继续往下读,不会让你空手而回的 :) )

我也没在意,估计人家功力问题 :P 。先试着用改写一下解决yupoo api的缓存问题。

acl QUERY urlpath_regex cgi-bin \?
acl forcecache url_regex -i yupoo\.com
no_cache allow forcecache
no_cache deny QUERY

refresh_pattern -i yupoo\.com 1440 50% 10080 override-expire override-lastmod reload-into-ims ignore-reload

嘿,果然nnd毫无用处,访问记录里还是 一坨坨 TCP_MISS

于是翻来覆去看文档,找资料,发现是squid的bug惹得祸,不过早已经修正(严格来说是功能扩展补丁)。

我的squid是2.6.13,翻了一下源代码,确实已经打好补丁了。

解决这个问题需要refresh_pattern的几个扩展参数(ignore-no-cache ignore-private),这几个参数在squid的文档和配置例子中均没有提到,看来squid还不够与时俱进。

下面讲一下问题所在。

先看看yupoo api返回的HTTP头部信息(cache 相关部分)

Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate
Pragma: no-cache

这两行是控制浏览器的缓存行为的,指示浏览器不得缓存。squid也是遵循RFC的,正常情况下自然不会去缓存这些页面。override-expire override-lastmod reload-into-ims ignore-reload 统统不能对付它。

而那个补丁正是对付这两个Cache-Control:no-cache 和 Pragma: no-cache的。

因此把 refresh_pattern那句要改写成

refresh_pattern -i yupoo\.com 1440 50% 10080 override-expire override-lastmod reload-into-ims ignore-reload ignore-no-cache ignore-private

这样就大功告成了, squid -k reconfigure 看看 access.log ,这回里面终于出现
TCP_HIT/200 TCP_MEM_HIT/200 了,说明缓存规则确实起作用了,那个激动啊 555~~~~

====================
补充:
后来我看了一下google earth 服务器 hk1.google.com的HTTP头部,只有

Expires: Wed, 02 Jul 2008 20:56:20 GMT
Last-Modified: Fri, 17 Dec 2004 04:58:08 GMT

,这么看来照理不需ignore-no-cache ignore-private也能工作,可能是作者这里写错了
kh.google 应该是 kh.\.google才对。

最后总结一下,缓存Google Earth/Map的正确的配置应该是

acl QUERY urlpath_regex cgi-bin \? intranet
acl forcecache url_regex -i kh.\.google mt.\.google mapgoogle\.mapabc keyhole.com
no_cache allow forcecache
no_cache deny QUERY

# ----
refresh_pattern -i kh.\.google 1440 20% 10080 override-expire override-lastmod reload-into-ims ignore-reload ignore-no-cache ignore-private
refresh_pattern -i mt.\.google 1440 20% 10080 override-expire override-lastmod reload-into-ims ignore-reload ignore-no-cache ignore-private
refresh_pattern -i mapgoogle\.mapabc 1440 20% 10080 override-expire override-lastmod reload-into-ims ignore-reload ignore-no-cache ignore-private

refresh_pattern -i keyhole.com 1440 20% 10080 override-expire override-lastmod reload-into-ims ignore-reload ignore-no-cache ignore-private

注:
khX.google.com 是google earth的图片服务器
mtX.google.com 是google map 的图片服务器
mapgoogle.mapabc.com 是google ditu的图片服务器

6 条评论 »

  1. qiqi said,

    2007/12/28 @ 15:26

    真是太崇拜你了 我在squid wifi上找得如何处理动态链接 根本不管用

    按照你说的就没问题拉 tnnd 搞死我了

  2. Nukq said,

    2007/12/28 @ 17:21

    此文一直无人问津,今天终于对人有帮助了 哈哈

  3. dd_macle said,

    2008/2/13 @ 21:35

    Nukq你好,我按照你文中所说的配置了squid,但日志里还是一堆miss,就是不行,怎么办啊。。。

  4. Nukq said,

    2008/2/14 @ 19:03

    dd_macle,你先看看它的http返回头部。
    如果需要的话看看这个patch
    http://nukq.malmam.com/archives/18

  5. haha said,

    2008/9/23 @ 18:42

    是否可以缓存视频

  6. wu said,

    2009/12/1 @ 22:46

    google earth缓存成功了吗?按你的配置,google map没问题,但google earth似乎不成功,google earth的无法指定代理服务器。你如果成功过,介绍下测试环境吧,谢谢!

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